What are the signs of perimenopause?

Perimenopause is the transitional period before menopause, during which hormonal changes occur before menstruation completely stops. This phase typically starts between the ages of 45 and 55 years and can last for several months or years. It may lead to various symptoms that can impact your daily life. However, there are ways to cope with these symptoms.

How is perimenopause diagnosed?

There is no specific test for diagnosing perimenopause. Doctors consider several factors, including age, symptoms, and menstrual cycle regularity.

Blood tests aren’t necessary unless someone under the age of 40 is showing signs of perimenopause; in such cases, a blood test may help rule out early signs of this condition.

Can you treat perimenopause?

While there is no cure to perimenopause, which is a natural part of ageing, various treatments and therapies can help alleviate symptoms.

• Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) – This is the most effective treatment for managing symptoms such as hot flushes, night sweats and anxiety. It usually takes a few days for symptoms to improve after starting medication. HRT can also support muscle strength and help prevent osteoporosis by increasing oestrogen levels. Like any medication, there are some potential risks associated with HRT, but it’s important to discuss this with your doctor as serious side effects are generally low and depend on the dosage and duration of the treatment.

• Non-hormone medication – Medication like gabapentin and clonidine may be prescribed to help with night sweats and hot flashes, while antidepressants might be prescribed to manage mood swings.

• Diet – Eating a healthy diet rich in calcium, such as milk, kale, and yoghurt, can support bone health. Increasing vitamin D intake through sunlight or supplements is also beneficial.

• Exercise– Staying active is important. Regular exercise like walking, running, or swimming can help manage symptoms.

• Relaxation – Whether you enjoy reading, yoga or taking a walk around the park, make some time for yourself. This can help reduce stress.

• Lifestyle choices – Limit alcohol intake and avoid smoking as these can worsen your symptoms.

• Clothing – Wearing loose clothing can help alleviate discomfort from hot flashes and night sweats. Taking cool showers may also provide relief.

Taking these steps can help manage your symptoms; however, it’s important to seek advice from your doctor or fertility clinic beforehand.