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The role of medications in IUI: what to expect
During intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatment, a single healthy sperm is injected into the uterus around ovulation to facilitate natural fertilisation. IUI can be performed with or without medication, depending on individual circumstances.
If you are undergoing a stimulated cycle, medications play a crucial role in supporting fertilisation. These medications stimulate the ovaries to mature and release multiple eggs, thereby increasing the chances of conception.
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The importance of medications in IUI
Medication used in IUI enhances the likelihood of fertilisation. It can improve both the egg quality and quantity, which can further boost the chances of successful conception.
Additionally, medications can thicken the uterine lining to facilitate implantation and help regulate and optimise the timing of the IUI procedure to coincide with ovulation. Therefore, further increasing the likelihood of conception.
What medication is used for IUI
The specific medications prescribed for IUI will vary based on your fertility health and personal circumstances, especially if assistance with ovulation is needed. These prescribed medications include clomiphene citrate, letrozole and gonadotrophins, which stimulate egg production.
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How medications work in IUI
Clomiphene citrate and letrozole are taken orally to stimulate the ovaries to produce eggs, a process known as ovulation induction. If further assistance is needed, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) injections may be recommended. These injections help with follicle growth, which allows mature eggs to be released into the fallopian tubes to meet the sperm for fertilisation. For this type of treatment, you will need to administer the injections yourself every day for a specific period. Rest assured, it’s a straightforward process, and our fertility nurses will show you how to use them.
Monitoring during medication use
We’ll conduct regular ultrasounds to monitor the effects of the medication and the development of your ovarian follicles, which are small sacs of fluid in the ovaries that contain eggs. Additionally, these ultrasounds will also help us time the IUI procedure accurately, coinciding with ovulation to maximise the chance of successful fertilisation. If you have any concerns, you can always contact our fertility team for guidance and advice.
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Side effects and risks
It is important to be aware that some fertility medications can cause some side effects, including mood swings, visual problems, hot flashes, headaches and feelings of sadness.
Some individuals may experience adverse reactions to the medications, which could lead to ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). This condition can result from high levels of oestrogen, progesterone and the pregnancy hormone (HCG), affecting fluid distribution throughout the body. Common symptoms of OHSS include abdominal swelling, bloating, nausea, difficulty in breathing and dehydration. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor or fertility clinic.
Success rates with medications
On average, about 15% of IUI cycles result in a successful birth. However, it is essential to recognise that success rates with medication vary based on individual circumstances, such as fertility health, age and how the body responds to the medication.
Don’t worry, we will discuss your fertility health, success rates and any other concerns you may have in detail during your consultation.
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