How do fibroids affect fertility?

Fibroids are very common in the general population and are frequently seen in people of reproductive age. However, in the context of fertility, only a small proportion are clinically significant, and most fibroids do not affect the ability to conceive or carry a pregnancy.

However, in rare instances, they can impact fertility depending on factors such as the size and location of the fibroids. For those who wish to start a family, fertility treatments like in vitro fertilisation (IVF) can be beneficial.

How do fibroids affect fertility?

Although it is still possible to conceive with fibroids, certain large fibroids can lead to infertility. Submucosal fibroids are particularly problematic as they may block the fallopian tubes, distort the uterus, and disrupt the implantation process. They have also been linked to recurrent miscarriages.

Fibroids can also cause complications during pregnancy, such as abdominal pain and a higher risk of premature labour. If fibroids block the vagina, a caesarean section may be necessary. Fibroids can cause difficulties during labour and delivery.

It's important to understand that most individuals with fibroids will have normal pregnancies. However, factors including the size and position of the fibroids can lead to complications. Your doctor can provide the advice and guidance you need to help treat your fibroids and ensure the best possible outcome for you.  

Fibroids fertility tests

To evaluate your fertility, the doctor or fertility clinic will perform a fertility assessment and examine your symptoms. In many cases, fibroids are discovered during routine gynaecological examinations or tests for other conditions, as many individuals do not experience any symptoms.

Fibroids can be diagnosed using several methods, including abdominal and transvaginal ultrasounds. A hysteroscopy is another option; this procedure involves inserting a flexible telescope into the uterus to identify any fibroids. Additionally, doctors may perform a laparoscopy, which involves making a small incision in the abdomen to inspect the pelvic organs for the presence of fibroids.